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JAIRAM RAMESH: Well; it did work。 I think certainly it did work。 And what is interesting is that all the parties that criticized the party that introduce reforms are now taking forward those reforms。 So I think; you know; 91 to 2000 has shown that the economic liberalization was started out of pulsion has ended up being a process that has been driven by conviction。
JAIRAM RAMESH:它确实发挥作用了,我确信它当然发挥作用了。有趣的是,一开始批评引入改革的政党的那些政党现在都推动着那些改革。所以我想,从1991年到2000年见证了这样一个过程:经济自由化在各种限制与压制中起步,最后却以深入人心被普遍接受而告终。
P。 CHIDAMBARAM: This has brought about a sea change。 In fact; nobody in India today would question the correctness of the decision to open up Indias economy。 Even the munists grudgingly can see that this is the right path now。
P。 CHIDAMBARAM:这带来了大量的变化。事实上,现在已经没有人怀疑当初开放印度经济的决定的正确性了,即使是共产党现在也不得不承认这是一正确的道路。
NARRATOR: In Russia; ironically; the 1998 stock market crash and the default on debts may have been a turning point; a second chance for Russias still…new market economy。 Under President Putin; the institutions of a market economy strengthened; and the oligarchs were reined in。
旁白:具有讽刺意味的是,俄罗斯1998年的股票市场崩溃及拖欠债务可能是一个转折点,是俄罗斯新兴的市场经济的第二次机会。在普金(Putin)总统的领导下,市场经济机构更加强大,寡头们也得到了控制。
DANIEL YERGIN: Russia has changed a lot since the loans…for…shares deal of the mid…90s。 Its had strong economic growth over the last several years。 panies have modernized; and a lot of their reform legislation that should have been done five or six or seven years ago has finally been enacted。
丹尼尔。尤金(Daniel Yergin):自从90年代中期的贷款换股权交易后,俄罗斯改变了许多。在过去的七年中,俄罗斯保持了很高的经济增长,公司走向了现代化,他们一些本该在5年、6年、7年以前就制定的改革法规也终于出台了。
JEFFREY SACHS: I remain cautiously optimistic。 But even if Russia gets out of this mess; even if democracy survives; even if all of market reforms take root and all of that is possible; the 1990s was so costly unnecessarily that Ill never be able to look at it and feel that gee; it all ended up well in the end。
杰裴里。萨克斯(Jeffrey Sachs):我保持谨慎的乐观。但即使俄罗斯解决了这些问题,即使民主幸存下来,即使市场改革站稳了脚根,即使这些都是可能实现的——90年代的代价都是太大的和没有必要的,我永远都不能再回头看,去感觉那段时光。不过,最后的结果总算不错。
DANIEL YERGIN: The problems are still there …… the problems of inadequate health care all the way to corruption。 But its a society thats changing。 Putin sees Russias future as being part of the world economy。
丹尼尔。尤金(Daniel Yergin):问题依然存在——从医疗保健不健全到腐败现象等等。但是改变的是整个社会。普京看到了俄罗斯作为世界经济的一部分的未来。
LILIA SHEVTSOVA: Im looking at my son who is 19 years old; and Im looking at other people; and I am amazed。 They are ready to live in this global environment。 These are the people absolutely free of any old stereotypes。 They dont remember munism。 My son is ing home and asking me; ";Mum; can you tell me what Marxism is?"; We spent only 10 years after collapse of munism; and my son doesnt know what munism and Marxism is。
LILIA SHEVTSOVA:我看着我19岁的儿子,我也看其他的人,我感到很惊奇。他们准备好了在这种全球化的环境中生存。这是一代绝对不会接受老一套的人,他们不知道什么是共产主义,我儿子回到家中问我:“妈妈,你能告诉我什么是共产主义吗?”共产主义垮台仅仅是十年前的事情,而我的儿子便不知道什么是共产主义和马克思主义了。
NARRATOR: The world had indeed changed its mind。 Capitalism was now the rule almost everywhere。 The stage was set for a single global market woven together by trade technology and investment。
旁白:世界确实变了,资本主义无论在哪里几乎都成了真理,随着贸易技术和国际投资的飞速发展,世界将成为一个单一的全球经济的舞台。
Globalization had begun。
全球化开始了。
Chapter 1: Prologue '6:14'
第一章: 开场白
NARRATOR: The attack on America raised so many questions; among them; questions about the dangers of the new world economy。 Is terrorism the dark side of globalization?
旁白:对美国的攻击提出了很多关于新世界经济所面临的危险的问题,恐怖主义是全球化的阴暗面吗?
DANIEL YERGIN; Author; manding Heights: Up until September 11; there was a sense that this movement toward globalization really was irreversible。 And since then theres been this recognition that things can go in another direction。
DANIEL YERGIN,《占领制高点》的作者:直到9月11日之前,人们一直认为全球化潮流真的是不可逆转,但是自从9月11日之后,人们认识到,事情的发展可能会有另外一个方向。
NARRATOR: Can our deeply interconnected world deliver prosperity to everyone?
旁白:我们这个紧密相连的世界能给每一个人带来繁荣吗?
BILL CLINTON; ; 1993…2001: And thats basically the next big challenge; is making this interdependent world of ours; on balance; far more positive than negative。 And the extent to which we do that will depend on whether the 21st century is marred by terrorism of all kinds or whether it bees the most peaceful and prosperous time the world has ever known。
克林顿,美国总统,1993…2001:基本上,下一个重大的挑战是如何使这个相互依存的世界能比较均衡,使其积极的一面超越消极的一面。我们在这一点上做的有多好将依赖于:21世纪是否会被各种各样的恐怖主义所破坏,或者这个世界能否成为有史以来最为和平和繁荣的时代。
NARRATOR: This is the story of how the new global economy was born; the story of a century…long battle of ideas to determine who would control the ";manding heights"; of the economy …… central governments or free markets。
旁白:这是一个全球新经济如何产生的故事,是一个长达一个世纪的观念之争——谁将控制经济的“制高点”——中央政府还是自由市场。
In the 1990s; a worldwide capitalist revolution fueled the new era of globalization; the greatest expansion of world trade in history。
在20世纪90年代,世界范围的资本主义革命推进了全球化的新时代——也是历史上世界贸易扩张幅度最大的时代。
RICHARD CHENEY; : Millions of people a day are better off than they would have been without globalization; and very few people have been harmed by it。
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